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JavaScript Math Functions

Introduction to Math Functions

JavaScript provides a built-in Math object that allows you to perform mathematical operations. Below are some common Math functions.

Math.round()

The Math.round() function rounds a number to the nearest integer.


<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
</head>
<body>
    <Script>
        console.log(Math.round(4.7)); 
    </Script>
</body>
</html>
// Outputs: 5

Math.random()

The Math.random() function returns a floating-point, pseudo-random number between 0 (inclusive) and 1 (exclusive).


<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
</head>
<body>
    <Script>
        console.log(Math.random()); 
    </Script>
</body>
</html>
// Outputs a random number

Math.max()

The Math.max() function returns the largest of the zero or more numbers given as input parameters.


<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
</head>
<body>
    <Script>
        console.log(Math.max(10, 20, 30));
    </Script>
</body>
</html>
// Outputs: 30

Math.min()

The Math.min() function returns the smallest of the zero or more numbers given as input parameters.


<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
</head>
<body>
    <Script>
        console.log(Math.min(10, 20, 30));
    </Script>
</body>
</html>
// Outputs: 10

Math.sqrt()

The Math.sqrt() function returns the square root of a number.


<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
</head>
<body>
    <Script>
        console.log(Math.sqrt(16)); 
    </Script>
</body>
</html>
// Outputs: 4

Math.pow()

The Math.pow() function returns the base to the exponent power.


<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
</head>
<body>
    <Script>
        console.log(Math.pow(2, 3));
    </Script>
</body>
</html>
// Outputs: 8

Math.ceil()

The Math.ceil() function returns the smallest integer greater than or equal to a given number.


<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
</head>
<body>
    <Script>
        console.log(Math.ceil(4.2)); 
    </Script>
</body>
</html>
// Outputs: 5

Math.floor()

The Math.floor() function returns the largest integer less than or equal to a given number.


<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
</head>
<body>
    <Script>
        console.log(Math.floor(4.9));  
    </Script>
</body>
</html>
// Outputs: 4
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